The primary function of a racing helmet is to protect the head from direct impact on the body of the vehicle, scattered flying debris, and track facilities in the event of a crash.

The helmet also prevents damage to the driver's facial airways from flames and high temperatures in the event of an accidental fire. These technologically advanced headgear play a pivotal role in protecting the lives and well-being of drivers on the fast track.

What materials does a helmet consist of? Why can a small helmet significantly reduce rider injuries and fatalities?

A complete racing helmet typically consists of several layers, each serving a specific purpose in ensuring safety. The entire helmet is hot-pressed from multiple layers of material, which is solid and capable of absorbing huge impacts.

1. Exterior Shell

The outermost layer of the helmet is the exterior shell, which is responsible for distributing impact forces and protecting the inner layers. It is usually made of lightweight and durable materials such as carbon fibre, fibreglass, or both.

These materials offer high strength-to-weight ratios and help absorb and dissipate impact energy.

2. Impact-Absorbing Liner

Inside the exterior shell is an impact-absorbing liner, often made of expanded polystyrene (EPS) foam or a similar material.

This layer is designed to absorb and disperse impact forces, reducing the risk of head and brain injuries. EPS foam is known for its energy-absorbing properties and ability to compress on impact.

3. Comfort Padding

The next layer in a racing helmet is the comfort padding or comfort liner. This soft and cushioned layer provides comfort and a snug fit to the wearer.

It is typically made of moisture-wicking fabrics that help keep the driver's head dry and comfortable even during intense racing conditions.

4. Inner Shell

The inner shell, known as the retention system, is within the comfort padding. Its rigid structure helps maintain the helmet's shape and provides additional impact protection.

It is commonly made of fibreglass or polycarbonate and is crucial in securing the helmet on the wearer's head.

5. Chin Strap and Buckle

The chin strap and buckle are essential components that keep the helmet securely fastened to the driver's head.

They are typically made of solid and durable materials like nylon or polyester webbing and are designed to withstand high tension to prevent the helmet from dislodging during an impact.

In addition to these primary layers, some racing helmets may have additional features and materials incorporated, such as:

1. Visor

A shatterproof and scratch-resistant visor made of materials like polycarbonate or other impact-resistant plastics. It protects the driver's eyes from debris, wind, and UV rays.

2. Aerodynamic Spoilers

Some helmets may include removable aerodynamic spoilers or wings that help optimize airflow and stability at high speeds.

You'll be a lot safer with the layers of helmet protection, so for your safety, wear a good helmet while riding your motorcycle.